Strings

Lesson 8
Author : Afrixi
Last Updated : November, 2022

C++ - Programming Language

This course covers the basics of programming in C++.

Strings in C++

In C++, strings are used to represent a sequence of characters. They are useful for storing and manipulating text data, such as names, addresses, and messages. Strings in C++ are represented by the string class, which provides a wide range of operations for working with strings.

Here’s an example code that demonstrates how to declare and initialize a string variable, and how to perform basic string operations:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() {
   string str = "Hello, world!";

   // print the length of the string
   cout << "Length: " << str.length() << endl;

   // print the first character of the string
   cout << "First character: " << str[0] << endl;

   // print the last character of the string
   cout << "Last character: " << str[str.length() - 1] << endl;

   // concatenate two strings
   string str2 = " How are you?";
   string result = str + str2;
   cout << "Concatenated string: " << result << endl;

   // find the position of a substring
   string sub = "world";
   size_t pos = str.find(sub);
   if (pos != string::npos) {
      cout << "Substring found at position " << pos << endl;
   } else {
      cout << "Substring not found" << endl;
   }

   return 0;
}

In the code above, we have declared and initialized a string variable str with the value “Hello, world!”. We have then printed the length of the string using the length() function, the first and last characters of the string using the array syntax [], and concatenated the string with another string str2 using the + operator.

We have also used the find() function to search for a substring sub within the string str, and printed its position if found. The find() function returns the position of the first occurrence of the substring, or string::npos if the substring is not found.

Overall, strings are an essential part of working with text data in C++, and the string class provides many useful functions for working with them.

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